Teacher's Guide for COBBLESTONE ® Rediscovering Jamestown
September 2006
Teacher's Guide prepared by Betty Lou Askin, a retired elementary school principal in Toronto, Ontario. She continues to occasionally work in education in a variety of capacities.
Objectives:
· To understand and appreciate the role of Jamestown in the history of the United States of America. · To understand the motives and hardships of the first settlers of Jamestown. · To appreciate the work of archaeologists in discovering and explaining life in early North America. · To develop the skill of making comparisons.
Introduction:
· Prior Knowledge: On the chalkboard record any information that the students have about Jamestown. Or, prepare a KWL Chart that will be completed as they read this magazine(What I Know, What I Want to Know, What I Learned). · Pre-reading: Look at the pictures on the Content page. Discuss the possible significance of those photos. · Read the Editor's Note and the article, About the Cover. · Map Skills: On a large Map of the United States find the location of Jamestown.
"Setting Sail" (pages 2-4)
· Pre-reading: Think, Pair, Share - Ask the students to suggest reasons why England wanted to explore and colonize new lands. · Use the following to guide discussions-Who was Sir Walter Raleigh?
Who was Sir Francis Drake? Why did Raleigh believe that England needed new colonies? Where did the ships land in 1584? What did the native people have to trade with the English? Why did the colonists move to Roanoke Island? Why was the work of Hariot important? What contribution did White make?
· Use the following idea for discussion or for personal writing. Explain why the early attempts at colonization were not successful. · In collaborative groups, ask the students to answer the following - What do you think happened to the "lost" colony?
"The Settling of Jamestown" (pages 5-7)
· Ideas for discussion or written assignment-
List 4 reasons why the Virginia Company of London was formed. Why was the Jamestown location chosen? Explain why it was difficult to establish the settlement. Describe the "starving" time. What happened to the colony in June 1610? How did John Rolf help save the colony? Explain why the cost of establishing Jamestown was very high.
· Point of View: Ask the students to complete this assignment as a Journal entry. Choose half the class to write a passage from the point of view of the native people and the other half to represent the colonists. My Impressions of · Create a newspaper ad encouraging men and women to travel to Jamestown. · Write a persuasive letter to the Virginia Company of London. Explain why it is necessary for them to provide more colonists and supplies for Jamestown. Use information from the article to prove you request.
"Tobacco" (page 8)
· Describe why tobacco was used in the 1600's. · Compare how tobacco is used today and any changes in attitude.
"Strong Leaders" (pages 9-11)
· Ideas for discussion or written work in a notebook-Why was Captain Bartholomew Gosnold important to North America? Describe Smith's contributions to early colonization. How did Lord De La Warr save the colony?
· Jigsaw: Divide the class into 3 groups. Assign one of the leaders to each group. After reading the information about their leader each group will explain that person's contributions to the rest of the class. A fourth group could be created to report on Sir Thomas Gates. · Critical Thinking: Make a list of the skills that a leader would need to be successful in Jamestown during the 1600's.
"Perilous Voyage" (page 13)
· Ideas to guide reading the article- Describe how weather affected early voyages across the ocean. Explain why both animals and humans shared cabins.
"The First Virginians" (pages 14-15)
· Ideas for discussions or written work- Explain how the colonists underestimated the native peoples. Describe the native peoples' homes. What tools were used by the men? How did the men spend their days? What work did the women perform? Explain why Smith respected the native peoples. Why did the tobacco crops cause trouble between the native peoples and the colonists?
"Pocahontas" (page 16)
· Explain why Pocahontas was a friend to Jamestown.
"The Gift of Friendship" (pages 17-18)
· Questions for discussion- Explain why Powhatan was a good host.What acts sealed the leaders' friendship Why would Newport give a son to Powhatan? Who was Thomas? What catastrophe happened in Jamestown? Why were relations strained between the colonists and the native peoples? How did Thomas help the situation?
"At Work and Play" (page 19)
· Discussion ideas- Why would boys travel to the New World without their parents? How did children contribute to the community?
· Make a comparison chart.
Children's PlayThen Now
"Trade Your Beads for Foods" (pages 20-21)
· Ask the students to explain why beads and copper were valuable to the native peoples.
"On the Backs of Laborers" (pages 24-27)
· Discussion ideas-
What is an indentured servant? What might happen at the end of an indentured contract? Describe the life of a servant in the New World. Explain why the use of indentured servants changed to slavery. Why did slavery continue?
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